Malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation: a reference manual, second edition

This manual provides guidance on making malaria surveillance a core intervention in all transmission settings. It highlights surveillance as a tool for decision-making, resource allocation and intervention planning, enabling countries to target high-burden areas, prevent outbreaks, support elimination and guard against re-establishment.

Aligned with new WHO resources, it outlines methods for data collection, analysis and use, with strategies to integrate surveillance into broader health systems and adapt to emerging challenges such as climate change. Guidance is also provided on monitoring drug and vector resistance, and on outbreak detection and response.

Practical tools, indicators, visualization approaches and case studies support implementation at national and subnational levels. The manual addresses persistent gaps—including data quality, case detection and preparedness—while promoting collaboration, capacity-building and innovation to reduce malaria burden and sustain malaria-free status.

The manual includes a list of core indicators for malaria surveillance, monitoring and evaluation, which can be downloaded and consulted independently.

*This edition supersedes the first edition published in 2018.