Transmission dynamics of residual and re-emerging malaria in the Amazon: defining a roadmap to malaria elimination

Objectives

Cross-sectional surveys will be carried out in order to identify risk factors for residual malaria infection and disease at both the individual and household level, to supply parasite samples for detailed population-level molecular analyses and to supply epidemiological data for parameterization of new mathematical models of malaria transmission.

SPECIFIC AIMS:

• Aim 1: Longitudinally determine malaria dynamics in a major residual malaria hotspot in Brazil.
• Aim 2: Identify and quantify population changes in P. vivax and P. falciparum to detect reintroductions, and to estimate parasite population complexity at baseline and potentially after interventions.
• Aim 3: Develop and apply mathematical models to describe changing dynamics of malaria incidence and parasitemia prevalence over time, and to assess potential effects of combinations of interventions on malaria control and elimination (e.g., insecticide-treated bednet distribution, larviciding or improved antirelapse therapy for vivax malaria).